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Overview: Students learn about variation, reproductive isolation, natural selection, and adaptation through this version of the bird beak activity. Author/Source: UC Museum of Paleontology Grade level: 9-12 Time: One class period Concepts: Evolution results from selection acting upon genetic variation within a population. Traits that confer an advantage may persist in the population and are called adaptations. Inherited characteristics affect the likelihood of an organism's survival and reproduction. Depending on environmental conditions, inherited characteristics may be advantageous, neutral, or detrimental. Random factors can affect the survival of individuals and of populations. Natural selection acts on the variation that exists in a population. Over time, the proportion of individuals with advantageous characteristics may increase (and the proportion with disadvantageous characteristics may decrease) due to their likelihood of surviving and reproducing. There is variation within a population. The number of offspring that survive to reproduce successfully is limited by environmental factors. Natural selection is dependent on environmental conditions. Teacher background: Adaptation Natural Selection

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